Inconsistent conversion rates and byproduct formation during esterification and amination. Improving purity and yield reduces downstream separation costs and waste.

Untreated process streams from furfural production contain high organic loads and acidic contaminants that prevent safe discharge. Mitigating this environmental hazard allows for regulatory compliance and sustainable industrial waste management.

The presence of bitter-tasting peptides limits the consumer acceptance and formulation stability of nutritional products. Eliminating this sensory defect allows for the inclusion of therapeutic bioactive molecules in oral delivery systems.