Standard solid particles suffer from low surface area and poor entrapment efficiency. Enhancing porosity and structural integrity allows for controlled release and improved topical adhesion.

Pigment formulations and coatings are susceptible to bacterial growth and spoilage during storage. Preventing this degradation ensures product shelf-life and maintains structural integrity of the coating.

Low reflectivity and poor angular visibility in dark coatings cause sensor failure. Improving signal return ensures autonomous vehicle safety.