Crude oil and petroleum products suffer from wax crystallization and high viscosity in cold environments. Addressing this flow resistance prevents pipeline blockages and ensures transportability.

High surfactant concentrations and oxidative degradation cause phase separation in water-based systems. Reducing surfactant dependency while maintaining antioxidant stability prevents formulation failure.

Inadequate suspension and distribution of solid particles in aqueous binders leads to sedimentation and performance loss. Improving phase stability ensures uniform material properties and prevents agglomeration.