Mechanical friction during braking causes material loss and surface deterioration. Mitigating this failure mode extends component lifespan and maintains consistent stopping performance.

Inadequate heat dissipation during braking leads to material fatigue and structural failure. Efficient cooling prevents thermal cracking and brake fade.

Residual contact between brake pads and discs causes parasitic drag and premature component wear. Ensuring reliable piston rollback reduces fuel consumption and thermal degradation.