Real-time occupancy status in complex urban and multilevel environments is often unreliable or unavailable. Precise localization and capacity tracking prevent inefficient routing and traffic congestion.

Human drivers struggle to precisely repeat complex parking or driving paths across multiple attempts. Automating the recording and reproduction of these trajectories eliminates human error and path variability during repetitive low-speed maneuvers.

Ambiguity in right-of-way and precise stopping locations at traffic junctions leads to collision risks and inefficient traffic flow. Resolving this uncertainty ensures safe vehicle positioning and predictable movement in complex urban environments.