Insufficient volume or poor distribution of external air into the HVAC system. Resolving this ensures consistent thermal regulation and passenger comfort regardless of vehicle speed.

External components like luggage racks and wheels create turbulent air resistance. Reducing this energy loss increases vehicle range and fuel efficiency.

Uneven or restricted air dispersion from HVAC vents creates thermal discomfort for occupants. Improving distribution efficiency ensures consistent climate control and passenger comfort.

Pathogenic accumulation within enclosed ventilation systems leads to health risks and foul odors. Eliminating these biological agents prevents system degradation and ensures occupant safety.