Cold environments severely limit battery discharge capacity and power output. Eliminating this thermal bottleneck restores vehicle range and prevents powertrain instability in sub-zero conditions.

Low ambient temperatures cause sluggish chemical kinetics and high internal resistance in energy storage devices. Addressing this thermal limitation prevents power output degradation and extends battery cycle life in electric vehicles.

High dissipation and conversion losses during power exchange between source and load. Reducing these losses extends vehicle range and prevents thermal degradation of components.