Imprecise control of fluid medium through the valve body leads to thermal management inefficiency. Resolving this ensures stable system pressure and optimal heat exchange performance.

Inaccurate or sluggish control of refrigerant mass flow leads to suboptimal heat exchange and energy waste. Precise regulation ensures thermal stability and prevents compressor damage under varying load conditions.

Fluctuating thermal loads in vehicle heat pumps cause unstable pressure regulation. Precise metering prevents evaporator flooding and compressor damage.