Inconsistent coordination between internal combustion engines and electric motors leads to excessive fuel consumption and energy loss. Minimizing these losses extends vehicle range and reduces thermal stress on powertrain components.

Inefficient power allocation between multiple energy sources leads to excessive fuel consumption and battery degradation. Optimizing this distribution extends operational range and improves system longevity.

Unregulated power draw from the battery pack leads to premature energy exhaustion and reduced operational range. Mitigating this loss extends vehicle uptime and prevents battery health degradation.