Inconsistent or imprecise distribution of thermal media across multiple vehicle subsystems leads to energy waste. Precise control of fluid paths prevents thermal management bottlenecks in complex electric vehicle architectures.

Inconsistent fluid flow regulation within electromagnetic valves leads to unpredictable vehicle handling. Precise control over damping forces prevents loss of vehicle stability during dynamic maneuvers.

Fragmented refrigerant flow control leads to excessive system complexity and energy loss. Consolidating expansion and routing functions reduces thermal management footprint and leakage risks.