Excessive mass in ladder-type chassis reduces payload capacity and increases energy consumption. Reducing structural weight improves acceleration and track wear characteristics.

Misalignment between wheels and rails causes excessive flange wear and energy loss. Precise adjustment reduces friction and improves curve negotiation stability.

Centrifugal forces and track irregularities cause dangerous weight shifts leading to derailment or capsizing. Preventing this failure mode ensures operational safety at higher speeds and on sharp curves.