Inaccurate estimation of road friction leads to vehicle instability and loss of control during torque application. Addressing this prevents unintended vehicle drift and improves safety during dynamic maneuvers.

Inaccurate assessment of the friction interface between tires and road surfaces leads to hazardous vehicle instability. Precise identification of this limitation ensures safe torque distribution and prevents loss of control during acceleration.

Inaccurate assessment of the friction interface between tires and road surfaces leads to vehicle instability and control failure. Precise detection of surface conditions prevents loss of control during low-speed maneuvers and active balancing.

Inadequate real-time detection of imminent impact threats from surrounding obstacles and following vehicles. Mitigating this risk prevents structural damage and occupant injury during dynamic maneuvers.