High-energy battery packs and motor controllers are prone to catastrophic thermal failure and internal arcing. Rapidly isolating these faults prevents systemic vehicle fires and explosive structural compromise.

High power density in integrated cathode and BDU modules creates risks of cascading thermal failure between cells. Preventing rapid heat spread ensures the safety of the entire power consumption device.

Signal interference and physical connection instability lead to unreliable data collection from individual cells. Precise monitoring prevents thermal runaway and ensures battery pack safety.