Current portable systems lack integrated mixing and filtration capabilities for rapid purification in remote environments. Solving this ensures safe potable water access during mobile or drone-assisted operations.

Environmental and process-induced noise in bioreactors degrades the accuracy of optical sensor readings. Mitigating these disturbances ensures reliable real-time monitoring of critical process parameters.

Loss of volatile or particulate components during collection leads to inaccurate chemical analysis. Ensuring simultaneous capture of both aerosol and vapor phases prevents underreporting of total analyte concentration.