Standard flowmeters and chromatographs suffer from sensor degradation and environmental sensitivity over time. Continuous verification ensures fiscal accuracy and operational safety in high-volume gas custody transfer.

Variations in fluid temperature and gas composition create significant errors in volumetric flow calculations. Accurate quantification ensures fiscal accountability and safety in blended fuel distribution.

Subsurface hydrogen deposits are difficult to locate and quantify due to their volatile nature and complex geological migration. Accurate mapping reduces exploration risk and resource uncertainty.