Rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and limited light absorption range restrict catalytic activity. Improving charge separation and surface reactivity increases chemical conversion rates.

Uncontrolled gas migration and fluid loss during hydraulic fracturing operations lead to environmental hazards and reduced stimulation efficiency. Mitigating these leaks ensures structural integrity and operational safety in high-pressure well environments.

Materials suffer from simultaneous chemical corrosion, mechanical wear, and biological attachment in harsh environments. Addressing these combined failure modes extends the operational lifespan of industrial and marine infrastructure.

Octadecylamine exhibits high hydrophobicity and poor dispersion in aqueous or refrigerant media. Overcoming this solubility barrier prevents precipitation and ensures uniform distribution for effective corrosion inhibition.