Weak adhesion or structural failure at the interface of multi-component footwear assemblies. Ensuring robust mechanical stability prevents premature delamination and component separation.

Uneven thermal energy transfer during footwear assembly leads to poor bonding and material deformation. Uniform heat application ensures structural integrity across complex geometries.

Inconsistent manual material removal during footwear finishing leads to aesthetic defects and bonding failures. Standardizing surface texture ensures predictable adhesive performance and product quality.