Dermal sensitivity and barrier disruption caused by aggressive cleansing agents. Reducing this irritation allows for frequent use without compromising skin integrity.

Insufficient removal of soils and stains from surfaces. Enhancing cleaning efficacy ensures competitive product utility and consumer satisfaction.

Inadequate breakdown of stubborn fats during manual cleaning. Improving cleaning efficiency reduces physical effort and water consumption.

Incomplete removal of particulates during domestic laundering leads to graying and fabric degradation. Preventing soil reattachment maintains textile integrity and aesthetic longevity.

Suboptimal interfacial tension and poor substrate wetting limit the efficacy of standard cleaning agents. Improving soil detachment efficiency enhances cleaning performance across diverse surfaces.